The fear of others’ reactions about their HIV status can put women under enormous stress, affect their mental health. Many WLWHIV report feeling socially isolated, as well as being physically unwell. Although the international community has significantly done a lot to reduce the effects of gender inequality and HIV related stigma and discrimination against WLWHIV, there is still much to be done, as social injustices and violence against women remain across the globe.
People who are diagnosed with HIV still experience high levels of discrimination and social stigma, at work, whilst accessing health care or in the general public. These prevent many women in the UK from accessing the services they need and to live a good quality of life beyond viral suppression. WLWHIV also experience the extra burden of being blamed for bringing HIV into a relationship as are likely to be tested first, during pregnancy or health tests.
They then bear threats from husbands for instance that their HIV status will be exposed to the wider community or that they will report them to the police under charges for criminal transmission of HIV.
Globally, women account for more than half the number of people living with HIV. Young women (10-24 years old) are twice as likely to acquire HIV compared to young men of the same age. This is because women and young girls are more vulnerable as a result of unequal cultural, social and economic status. In many countries, gender inequality in education and controlled social autonomy among women is directly associated to lower access to sexual health care, as well as HIV testing, treatment and support. Further, financial disproportions and intimate partner violence in relationships continually hamper a woman’s ability to negotiate condom use and protect herself from HIV.